How the Democratic Party Lost the Working Class: Lessons from History
December 4, 2024 | David Leonhardt with Madeleine Brand | How the Democrats Have Lost the Working Class – Summary Prepared by JUDJ Team
In a recent America at a Crossroads discussion, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and political expert David Leonhardt shared his insights on the Democratic Party’s shifting relationship with the working class. Known for his incisive analysis in The New York Times and his book Ours Was the Shining Future: The Story of the American Dream, Leonhardt explored how historical, cultural, and economic trends have influenced working-class realignment in the United States. The conversation offered a deep dive into how the Democratic Party, once the champion of working-class America, has drifted from its traditional base and the lessons this evolution holds for contemporary politics.
Defining the Working Class: Beyond Income
Leonhardt began by redefining what it means to be “working class” in modern America. Rather than relying solely on income, he argued that the most practical definition centers on education—specifically, individuals without a four-year college degree. This group comprises a majority of American adults and includes a diverse range of occupations, from nurses and retail workers to blue-collar laborers.
Despite its broad composition, the working class has become increasingly alienated from the Democratic Party. Leonhardt pointed out that this divide has not only economic implications but also manifests in differences in health outcomes, marriage rates, and life expectancy—indicators that highlight the growing chasm between Americans with and without college degrees.
The Historical Shift: From Unions to Intellectuals
Tracing the roots of this disconnect, Leonhardt highlighted the transformative shifts of the 1960s and 70s. During this era, the Democratic Party transitioned from a labor union-centric movement to one heavily influenced by intellectuals and college campuses. Key moments, such as the Vietnam War protests, the environmental movement, and civil rights activism, created a cultural and ideological shift that distanced the party from many working-class voters.
He specifically pointed to the Port Huron Statement of 1962, authored by the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), as emblematic of this transformation. While the New Left succeeded in drawing attention to critical issues like civil rights and anti-war efforts, Leonhardt argued that its focus on intellectualism and campus activism unintentionally alienated traditional working-class constituencies.
Modern Implications: Cultural Alienation and the Rise of Trump
Fast-forward to today, and Leonhardt sees parallels between the shifts of the 60s and the political landscape of the last decade. The Democratic Party’s cultural positions on issues like immigration, crime, and social norms have often left working-class voters feeling overlooked.
Donald Trump capitalized on this alienation, not only by appealing to white working-class voters but also by making inroads with Black, Latino, and Asian working-class communities. Trump’s economic populism, anti-elite rhetoric, and criticism of immigration policies resonated with voters who felt their concerns about fairness, crime, and economic security were dismissed by the Democratic elite.
A Path Forward for the Democrats
Leonhardt emphasized that understanding this history is critical for Democrats seeking to regain working-class trust. He argued that the party must strike a balance between progressive economic policies and cultural moderation. For example, issues like crime and immigration require nuanced approaches that address legitimate voter concerns while remaining true to the party’s core values.
The party’s most successful leaders, Leonhardt noted, have historically embraced this balance. Figures like Robert F. Kennedy Sr. combined strong progressive stances on economic and civil rights issues with a pragmatic approach to law and order. Similarly, recent Democratic victories in swing states have often been led by candidates who prioritized economic populism while distancing themselves from more divisive cultural rhetoric.
Conclusion
David Leonhardt’s analysis underscores the importance of bridging the divide between the Democratic Party and the working class. By learning from its past and addressing voter concerns with authenticity and respect, the party has the opportunity to rebuild trust and reestablish itself as the champion of working Americans. As Leonhardt pointed out, understanding how we got here is the first step toward creating a more inclusive and resonant political future.
About America at a Crossroads
Since April 2020, America at a Crossroads has produced weekly virtual programs on topics related to the preservation of our democracy, voting rights, freedom of the press, and a wide array of civil rights, including abortion rights, free speech, and free press. America at a Crossroads is a project of Jews United for Democracy & Justice.